In chemical plants, gases are everywhere in reactors, compressors, and storage systems. To design these processes safely and accurately, engineers need to understand how gases behave under different pressures and temperatures. The Ideal Gas Law works well for simple conditions, but in real operations, gases often behave differently. That’s when Real Gas Equations, like the …
Precision matters a lot when it comes to designing as a simple mistake can lead to a big issue in the industry. A small error in flow rate, density, or heat balance can cause inefficiencies, increase costs, or compromise safety. As a chemical engineer, I have faced various problems and spent lots of time in …
As a chemical engineer working in industries, I often come across equipment where heat transfer is happening continuously, whether it’s in heat exchangers, reactors, furnaces, or cooling systems. There are three modes of heat transfer: conduction, convection, and radiation. In this article, we will learn the types of heat transfer with examples and laws. Before …
This free online tool will make it easy to check the pH or ion concentration of a solution. Just enter your data and get instant results for pH, pOH, [H⁺], and [OH⁻]. pH Calculator pH Calculator Calculate pH, pOH, [H+], and [OH-] concentrations From Concentration From Acid/Base From pH From pOH Info: Enter the concentration …
Chemicals have different properties, such as being toxic, flammable, corrosive, and many more. To improve safety from the chemicals, GHS hazard pictograms are used, which are universal, legally mandated shorthand for chemical risks. In this article, we will learn what GB CLP. You have noticed hazard symbols on the vehicles transporting chemicals. They also have …
Heat exchangers are widely used in industries such as chemical, dyes and pigments, pharmaceuticals, and many more. They help transfer heat between two streams. However, after some duration, the heat transfer rate decreases, and one reason is fouling. In this tutorial, we will learn about Fouling in Heat Exchangers, its types, and its causes. What …